HERFS/AUTUMN BONUS TYDSKRIF 2026

CROP PROTECTION Tiny flies, big headaches Fruit fly threats to pome fruit: Helping farmers stay ahead Which fruit flies matter most? Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata) , the main culprit in pome fruit production, widespread across South Africa. Cape fruit fly (Ceratitis quilicii), common, but less damaging; found in most provinces. Oriental fruit fly (Bactrocera dorsalis), a dangerous invader fly that is under strict surveillance; any detection must be reported. Spotted wing Drosophila (Drosophila suzukii), another invasive pest, attacking soft-skinned fruit such as berries and stone fruit. Vinegar fly (Drosophila melanogaster), not a direct pest; only attracted to fruit that is already damaged or rotting. *Important: Oriental fruit fly and spotted wing Drosophila are regulated pests. If detected, report it immediately to the Department of Agriculture for eradication protocols. Why fruit flies are a big problem Direct damage: Females pierce fruit skins to lay eggs. Larvae tunnel inside the flesh, causing internal breakdown. Secondary rot: Wounds from egg-laying allow fungi and bacteria to infect fruit. Market access risk: Many countries reject infested fruit. Even one contaminated fruit in a consignment can block exports. Yield losses: In unmanaged orchards, damage can even reach 100%. Fruit fly management is especially critical for exporters to stay in business. Fruit flies remain one of the most serious threats to pome fruit production in South Africa. These tiny pests can quickly build up in orchards, leading to crop losses, rejected consignments, and blocked export opportunities. Effective management is therefore essential to protect both yields and market access. In this article we look at the main fruit fly species affecting pome fruit, the damage they cause, and the best approaches to monitor and control them effectively. Herfs/Autumn 2026 BONUS www.agribonus.co.za 22